Android Tutorial
Option Menu:
Option Menu is a drop down menu containing options, and appears when a users clicks on Menu button.For Ex:
We can create an Option Menu with following :
- Create a menu xml
- Register the menu in Activity
- Write code to Handle the Clicks on menu items
1: Create xml for menu
Create a new folder named "menu" in res folder (if menu folder is not there in res folder) inside this Menu folder create .xml file here I have created option.xml xml for the option menu in above Image <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<item android:id="@+id/ChangeColor"
android:icon="@drawable/setting"
android:title="Settings"
/>
<item android:id="@+id/phoneInformation"
android:icon="@drawable/phone"
android:title="My Phone Information" />
<item android:id="@+id/callInfo"
android:icon="@drawable/callinfo"
android:title="In and Out Call Info" />
<item android:id="@+id/email"
android:icon="@drawable/mail"
android:title="Mail to Developer" />
</menu>
android:id- A resource ID that's unique to the item, which allows the application can recognize the item when the user selects it.
android:icon- An image to use as the item's icon.
android:title- A tittle to show.
2: Register In Activity
Override onCreateOptionMenu method and inflate the .xml (here options.xml) inside method @Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
MenuInflater inflater = getMenuInflater();
inflater.inflate(R.menu.options, menu);
return true;
}
3: Handle Click Events
When the user selects an item from the options menu (including action items in the action bar), the system calls your activity's onOptionsItemSelected() method. This method passes the MenuItem selected. You can identify the item by calling getItemId(), which returns the unique ID for the menu item (defined by the android:id attribute in the menu resource To Handle click events override onOptionsItemSelected method @Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
// Handle item selection
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.ChangeColor:
// write code to execute when clicked on this option
return true;
case R.id.phoneInformation:
// write code to execute when clicked on this option
return true;
case R.id.callInfo:
// write code to execute when clicked on this option
return true;
case R.id.email:
// write code to execute when clicked on this option
return true;
default:
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
}
Option Menu Full Source Code
public classMainActivity extends Activity
{
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
}
// Create Option Menu @Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
MenuInflater inflater = getMenuInflater();
inflater.inflate(R.menu.options, menu);
return true;
}
// Handle click events @Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
// Handle item selection
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.ChangeColor:
// write code to execute when clicked on this option
return true;
case R.id.phoneInformation:
// write code to execute when clicked on this option
return true;
case R.id.callInfo:
// write code to execute when clicked on this option
return true;
case R.id.email:
// write code to execute when clicked on this option
return true;
default:
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
}}
Context Menu
A context menu provides actions that affect a specific item or context frame in the UI.Context Menu appears when user long press on a View like ListView, GridView etc.For Ex: Below Is Context menu registerd with List ViewWhen A User long Press on a contacts he/she gets two option Call and SMS through Context Menu.
Creating a context menu
To create a context menu:
- Register the
View to which the context menu should be associated by calling registerForContextMenu() and pass it the View. Here we have used Context Menu with ListView
- Implement the
onCreateContextMenu() method in your Activity onCreateContextMenu()method. This is where you define the menu items, usually by inflating a menu resource.
1: Registering The View(here List View) for Context menu.
We have to register the ListView for ContextMenu in onCreate method@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.show_contacts); listViewSmartContacts=(ListView)findViewById(R.id.listSmartContacts); contactListAdapter=new ContactListAdapter(this);
listViewSmartContacts.setAdapter(contactListAdapter); // Register the ListView for Context menu registerForContextMenu(listViewSmartContacts); }
2: Implement the onCreateContextMenu()
When the registered view receives a long-click event, the system calls youronCreateContextMenu() method. @Override
public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenuInfo menuInfo)
{
super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
menu.setHeaderTitle("Select The Action");
menu.add(0, v.getId(), 0, "Call");
menu.add(0, v.getId(), 0, "Send SMS");
} MenuInflater allows you to inflate the context menu from a menu resource
3: Implement onContextItemSelected method
@Override
public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item)
{
AdapterView.AdapterContextMenuInfo info = (AdapterView.AdapterContextMenuInfo)item.getMenuInfo();
// info.position will give the index of selected item intIndexSelected=info.position
if(item.getTitle()=="Call")
{
// Code to execute when clicked on This Item }
else if(item.getTitle()=="Send SMS")
{
// Code to execute when clicked on This Item }
else
{ return false; }
return true;
}
The Complete Code:package com.mtracker;
import com.mtracker.R;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.ContextMenu;
import android.view.ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.ListView;
public class ShowSmartContactsActivity extends Activity
{
ListView listViewSmartContacts;
ContactListAdapter contactListAdapter;
//ArrayList<String> numberList;
String number;
public ShowSmartContactsActivity()
{
/// numberList=new ArrayList<String>();
}
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.show_contacts);
LinearLayout layoutContacts=(LinearLayout)findViewById(R.id.layoutSmartContacts);
int APILevel=android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT ;
if(APILevel>=14)
{
layoutContacts.setBackgroundResource(R.color.Default);
}
listViewSmartContacts=(ListView)findViewById(R.id.listSmartContacts);
//getList();
contactListAdapter=new ContactListAdapter(this);
listViewSmartContacts.setAdapter(contactListAdapter);
registerForContextMenu(listViewSmartContacts);
}
@Override
public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenuInfo menuInfo)
{
super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
menu.setHeaderTitle("Select The Action");
menu.add(0, v.getId(), 0, "Call");
menu.add(0, v.getId(), 0, "Send SMS");
}
@Override
public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item)
{
AdapterView.AdapterContextMenuInfo info = (AdapterView.AdapterContextMenuInfo)item.getMenuInfo();
String number;
try
{
number=new ContactListAdapter(this).numberList.get(info.position);
if(item.getTitle()=="Call")
{
Intent callIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL);
callIntent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:"+number));
startActivity(callIntent);
}
else if(item.getTitle()=="Send SMS")
{
Intent smsIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
smsIntent.setType("vnd.android-dir/mms-sms");
smsIntent.putExtra("address", number);
startActivity(smsIntent);
}
else
{return false;}
return true;
}
catch(Exception e)
{
return true;
}
}
}
Option Menu:Option Menu is a drop down menu containing options, and appears when a users clicks on Menu button.For Ex:
We can create an Option Menu with following :
- Create a menu xml
- Register the menu in Activity
- Write code to Handle the Clicks on menu items
1: Create xml for menu
Create a new folder named "Menu" in res folder inside this Menu folder create .xml file here I have created option.xml xml for the option menu in above Image <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<item android:id="@+id/ChangeColor"
android:icon="@drawable/setting"
android:title="Settings"
/>
<item android:id="@+id/phoneInformation"
android:icon="@drawable/phone"
android:title="My Phone Information" />
<item android:id="@+id/callInfo"
android:icon="@drawable/callinfo"
android:title="In and Out Call Info" />
<item android:id="@+id/email"
android:icon="@drawable/mail"
android:title="Mail to Developer" />
</menu>
android:id- A resource ID that's unique to the item, which allows the application can recognize the item when the user selects it.
android:icon- An image to use as the item's icon.
android:title- A tittle to show.
2: Register In Activity
Override onCreateOptionMenu method and inflate the .xml (here options.xml) inside method @Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
MenuInflater inflater = getMenuInflater();
inflater.inflate(R.menu.options, menu);
return true;
}
3: Handle Click Events
When the user selects an item from the options menu (including action items in the action bar), the system calls your activity's onOptionsItemSelected() method. This method passes the MenuItem selected. You can identify the item by calling getItemId(), which returns the unique ID for the menu item (defined by the android:id attribute in the menu resource To Handle click events override onOptionsItemSelected method @Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
// Handle item selection
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.ChangeColor:
// write code to execute when clicked on this option
return true;
case R.id.phoneInformation:
// write code to execute when clicked on this option
return true;
case R.id.callInfo:
// write code to execute when clicked on this option
return true;
case R.id.email:
// write code to execute when clicked on this option
return true;
default:
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
}
